The axial stiffness and positioning accuracy of the ball screw pair can be improved by applying preload to the nut in the ball screw pair. Therefore, if only the stiffness and positioning accuracy of the screw pair are considered, it is obvious that the greater the preload is, the more beneficial it is, and the axial clearance caused by elastic deformation can be better eliminated. However, too small preload does not necessarily improve the stiffness even if the axial clearance is eliminated.

因為預緊力能足以預緊螺母的“低剛度區”的存在。由于雙螺母預緊段的絲桿與螺母元件間均存在有誤差（如導程誤差等），因而可能產生某一小段接觸變形后緊些，其接觸剛度就高，而某一小段接觸變形后松些，則接觸剛度低的現象。后者即所謂“低剛度區”。要提高軸向接觸剛度，預緊力要足夠大，以這種“低剛度區”的存在，才能達到提高軸向剛度的目的。

Because the pre tightening force is enough to eliminate the existence of "low stiffness zone" of the pre tightening nut. Because there are errors (such as lead error) between the screw rod and the nut element in the pre tightening section of the double nut, it may occur that a small section of the contact deformation is tighter, and its contact stiffness is higher, while a small section of the contact deformation is looser, and the contact stiffness is lower. The latter is the so-called "low stiffness zone". In order to improve the axial contact stiffness, the preload should be large enough to eliminate the existence of this "low stiffness zone", so as to achieve the purpose of improving the axial stiffness.

但是，過大的預緊力也是有害的，它會驅動力矩，降低傳動效率，加劇滾珠與滾道之間的接觸疲勞和磨損，縮短工作壽命。

However, too much preload is also harmful. It will drive torque, reduce transmission efficiency, intensify contact fatigue and wear between the ball and the raceway, and shorten the working life.

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